How do you give a maxillary nerve block?

Retracts the cheek with a tongue depressor, while the patient keeps their mouth open. Inserts the needle near the gum of the second upper molar, parallel to the cheek. Advances the needle into the depression under the cheek bone (pterygopalatine fossa). Slowly injects the anesthetic and withdraws the needle.

Which nerve block is not needed in brachycephalic dogs and why?

Small- to medium-sized brachycephalic patients do not require a caudal maxillary block. Their short infraorbital canals allow the agent to be placed via the rostral maxillary block to reach nerves before entry into the infraorbital foramen and maxillary bone.

How do you anesthetize maxillary teeth?

The techniques most commonly used in maxillary anesthesia include supraperiosteal (local) infiltration, periodontal ligament (intraligamentary) injection, PSA nerve block, MSA nerve block, anterior superior alveolar nerve block, greater palatine nerve block, nasopalatine nerve block, local infiltration of the palate.

Which nerve block will anesthetize all the maxillary teeth on the injected side?

The posterior superior alveolar nerve block (PSA block) – Often the maxillary molars are the first to be involved in periodontal disease. I find the PSA block one of the essential injections to provide for my patients, particularly when performing quadrant/sextant debridement procedures.

What happens if the maxillary nerve is damaged?

As a branch of the trigeminal nerve, the maxillary nerve is often implicated in trigeminal neuralgia, a rare condition characterized by severe pain in the face and jaw. 1 In addition, lesions of this nerve can cause intense hot and cold sensations in the teeth.

How long does a nerve block last for a dog?

10 hours
Depending on the type of local anesthetic used, nerve blocks may provide up to 10 hours of postoperative analgesia.

What does Asa anesthetize?

The anterior superior alveolar (ASA) nerve block anesthetizes the maxillary canine, the central and lateral incisors, and the mucosa above these teeth, with occasional crossover to the contralateral maxillary incisors (see image below).

What type of injection would you give to anesthetize adjacent teeth in the maxilla?

The posterior superior alveolar (PSA) injection will anesthetize the maxillary molars except for the mesiobuccal aspect of the first molar (Figure 1). The periodontal ligament (PDL), bone, periosteum, and buccal soft tissue adjacent to these teeth are also anesthetized.

How do you anesthetize your cheeks?

Apply topical anesthetic as described in the Anesthesia section. Approach: With the thumb of the nondominant hand, pull the cheek laterally. Insert the needle into the anterior border of the ramus 1 mm lateral to the third mandibular molar and in line with the occlusive plane. Advance the needle 3-4 mm.

How painful is a nerve block injection?

After the skin is numb, the procedure needle feels like a bit of pressure at the injection site. If you experience any pain during the procedure, your doctor will inject more local anesthetic as needed. The actual placement of the needle is not painful. However, keep in mind the nerve root is pinched and irritated.

Where to block maxillary nerve in dogs and cats?

The position of the needles to block the maxillary nerve in dogs and cats. Local anesthetic administration at the infraorbital foramen (A) will provide anesthesia rostral to the foramen.

What structures are affected by a maxillary nerve block?

This block affects the branches of the maxillary nerve—the infraorbital nerve, the pterygopalatine nerve, and the major and minor palatine nerves.1 Structures that are blocked include the bones, teeth, and soft tissues of the upper jaw, including the bones of the hard palate and the soft and hard palatal mucosa on the corresponding side.

What is the best technique for maxillary nerve blocks?

There are three basic techniques with the maxillary nerve block. The greater palitine canal approach is the technique used most frequently with greater success. The pterygopalitine, or greater palitine foramen, is located adjacent to the second molar on the hard palate.

What kind of nerve blocks can you give a dog?

Four nerve blocks are commonly used for dental nerve blocks in dogs and cast to the different regions of the oral cavity of mesocephalic and dolicocephalic dogs—the infraorbital and maxillary and the middle mental and inferior alveolar.