What is the mechanism of benzocaine synthesis?

1 SYNTHESIS OF BENZOCAINE 2 the resonance–stabilized intermediate I, followed by (2) the nucleophilic attack of the alcohol. The subsequent transfer of the proton (3), loss of water (4), and loss of proton (5) then give the final observed products. The reverse reaction to yield the carboxylic acid and alocohol follows the same steps in the opposite

What are the steps in the synthesis of benzoic acid?

1 SYNTHESIS OF BENZOCAINE 2 the resonance–stabilized intermediate I, followed by (2) the nucleophilic attack of the alcohol. The subsequent transfer of the proton (3), loss of water (4), and loss of proton (5) then give the final observed products.

How to synthesize benzocaine by Fischer esterification?

Synthesising Benzocaine via Reflux with a Condenser. In the experiment, the reactants carboxylic acid (4-aminobenzoic acid) and ethanol were used to synthesize esters (benzocaine, isopropyl 4-aminobenzoic acid) and water molecules as leaving group. The Fischer Esterification reaction mainly functions at pH less than 8.

What is the mechanism of reaction between 4-aminobenzoic acid and ethanol?

The mechanism in figure 1 was to combined 4-aminobenzoic acid and ethanol in a reflux reaction with the addition of sulphuric acid as a catalyst to produce the product.

How do you make benzocaine from ethanol?

Benzocaine Synthesis. The oxygen of the new ethanol substituent has a positive charge; this causes thelone pairs of the sulfuric acid to attack the hydrogen of the ethanol. Next, the lone pairs on thehydroxyl group attack a hydrogen atom from sulfuric acid, forming water, a quality leavinggroup.

What is the melting point of benzocaine?

The theoretical yield of benzocaine was 144.5mg of product. The actual yield was124.0mg, giving a percent yield of 85.8%. This is a high percent yield, indicating a successfulsynthesis. The melting point recorded in lab was 88-89⁰C; this is very close to the literaturevalue of 88-90⁰C.