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What is the characteristic manifestation of Leishmania donovani?

What is the characteristic manifestation of Leishmania donovani?

The clinical features are fever, weakness, night sweats, anorexia, and weight loss. Darkening of the skin (kala-azar means “black fever” in Hindi) is rather infrequent. Further progression leads to hepatosplenomegaly and serious anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia that can be lethal.

What is leishmaniasis describe briefly?

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that is found in parts of the tropics, subtropics, and southern Europe. It is classified as a neglected tropical disease (NTD). Leishmaniasis is caused by infection with Leishmania parasites, which are spread by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies.

Which Leishmania is self healing?

In a self-healing CL strain of Leishmania major (5ASKH), susceptibility to NO and antimony was higher than other species.

What is Leishmania donovani body?

Bone marrow revealed Leishmania donovani bodies (LD bodies) in macrophages characterized by a kinetoplast and characteristic double dot appearance. She was diagnosed as visceral leishmaniasis which is transmitted by sandflies (Phlebotomus).

How is visceral leishmaniasis characterized?

Over 90 sandfly species are known to transmit Leishmania parasites. There are 3 main forms of the disease: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar is fatal if left untreated in over 95% of cases. It is characterized by irregular bouts of fever, weight loss, enlargement of the spleen and liver, and anaemia.

What causes leishmaniasis in humans?

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that is found in parts of the tropics, subtropics, and southern Europe. Leishmaniasis is caused by infection with Leishmania parasites, which are spread by the bite of infected sand flies.

How does leishmaniasis affect the body?

It usually occurs two to eight months after being bitten by a sand fly. It damages internal organs, such as your spleen and liver. It also affects your bone marrow, as well as your immune system through damage to these organs. The condition is almost always fatal if it’s not treated.

What is life cycle of Leishmania donovani?

Leishmaniasis is transmitted by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sand flies. The sand flies inject the infective stage (i.e., promastigotes) from their proboscis during blood meals . Promastigotes that reach the puncture wound are phagocytized by macrophages and other types of mononuclear phagocytic cells.

What color is a Leishmania?

Phlebotomine sandfly is the most important vector insect of Leishmania. The name reflects the sandy-brown color of the insect.

How can you protect yourself from getting infected with Leishmania?

  1. Minimize the amount of exposed (uncovered) skin. To the extent that is tolerable in the climate, wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and socks; and tuck your shirt into your pants.
  2. Apply insect repellent to exposed skin and under the ends of sleeves and pant legs.

What is leishmaniasis donovani?

Leishmania donovani Ross, 1903 (Syn. Piroplasma donovani; Leishmania infantum; L. chagasi). This organism is morphologically identical with other species. It is the cause of kala-azar, dumdum fever or visceral leishmaniasis in humans and dogs.

What is the scientific name for Leishman-Donovan bodies?

He gave the popular name “Leishman-Donovan bodies”, and subsequently the valid binomial Leishmania donovani, thereby equally crediting the two rivals. Leishmania donovani is a unicellular eukaryote having a well-defined nucleus and other cell organelles including a kinetoplast and a flagellum.

What is the history of leishmaniasis?

The species L. donovani was reported simultaneously by Leishman from London (1903) and Donovan from Madras (1903), hence the name Leishmania donovani. Various species of Leishmania infect man, dog, cattle, horse, sheep etc. and cause serious diseases collectively known as Leishmaniasis.

What is prophylaxis Leishmania?

Prophylaxis. Leishmania is an important pathogenic zoo-flagellate genus closely related to Trypanosoma. The genus Leishmania was created by Ross in 1903. The species L. donovani was reported simultaneously by Leishman from London (1903) and Donovan from Madras (1903), hence the name Leishmania donovani.