What are the major dietary monosaccharides?

Three of the most important monosaccharides in foods are the six carbon sugars: glucose, fructose and galactose. All three dietary monosaccharides have the same number and kinds of atoms but in different arrangements, and they are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion.

What is DP in carbohydrates do?

Carbohydrates are further classified according to their degree of polymerization (DP) as: sugars (mono- and disaccharides), oligosaccharides (contain three to nine monosaccharide units), and polysaccharides (contain ten or more monosaccharide units) (32).

What are the three monosaccharides of carbohydrates?

Simple Carbohydrates (Sugars) Glucose, fructose and galactose are the three monosaccharides important in nutrition. These single sugar molecules contain 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms (i.e. chemical formula as C6H12O6).

What are oligosaccharides in food?

Oligosaccharides. Oligosaccharides represent carbohydrates that contain between 3 and 10 single sugar residues and are not relatively abundant in the diet when compared to other more common carbohydrates like those in the disaccharide category. Common oligosaccharides include raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose.

What are the 3 examples of monosaccharide?

Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose), and galactose.

What are the 4 types of monosaccharides?

The most important monosaccharides in fruits and vegetables are the hexoses, glucose and fructose (Fig. 9.1). Other minor monosaccharides include mannose, galactose, xylose, and arabinose. The most commonly detected pentoses are arabinoses and xyloses.

Which of the following are common food sources of amylose?

What are common food sources of amylose? Beans, Vegetables and Breads. “Many sugars” is the literal translation. They are single-sugar units that are bonded together to form a chain.

What are monosaccharides disaccharides polysaccharides oligosaccharides?

One monosaccharide serves as the acetal or ketal center that reacts with the hydroxyl group of the next monosaccharide. Disaccharides are oligosaccharides that contain two monosaccharide units. Polysaccharides contain a large number of monosaccharide units bonded to each other by a series of glycosidic bonds.

What are 5 examples of monosaccharides?

Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose, galactose, xylose and ribose.

What are four foods that are high in complex carbohydrates?

Complex carbohydrates are found in foods such as peas, beans, whole grains, and vegetables. Both simple and complex carbohydrates are turned to glucose (blood sugar) in the body and are used as energy.

What are the monosaccharides in fruits and vegetables?

Those composed of four carbon atoms are called tetroses, those with five carbons are called pentoses, those of six carbons are hexoses, and so on. The most important monosaccharides in fruits and vegetables are the hexoses, glucose and fructose ( Fig. 9.1 ). Other minor monosaccharides include mannose, galactose, xylose, and arabinose.

What are monosaccharides used for?

First and foremost, monosaccharides are used to produce and store energy. Most organisms create energy by breaking down the monosaccharide glucose, and harvesting the energy released from the bonds. Other monosaccharides are used to form long fibers, which can be used as a form of cellular structure.

What is a disaccharide?

Disaccharide is a carbohydrate, which is formed when two monosaccharides undergo a condensation reaction, with the elimination of a single molecule of H 2 O, from the functional groups. Like monosaccharides, disaccharides form an aqueous solution when dissolved in water.

Which monosaccharides can be combined to form oligo-saccharides?

Fructose, because it is a monosaccharide, can be combined with other monosaccharides to form oligosaccharides. A very common disaccharide made by plants is sucrose. Sucrose is one fructose molecule connected to a glucose molecule through a glycosidic bond. Galactose is a monosaccharide produced in many organisms, especially mammals.