What are mural thrombi?

Mural thrombi are thrombi that attach to the wall of a blood vessel and cardiac chamber. Mural thrombus occurrence in a normal or minimally atherosclerotic vessel is a rare entity in the absence of a hypercoagulative state or inflammatory, infectious, or familial aortic ailments.

What causes mural thrombi?

Mural thrombi of the heart most commonly occur from atrial fibrillation, endocarditis, or post-myocardial infarction. Mural thrombi can be treated by acute thrombolysis or by long-term anticoagulation, depending on the clinical scenario.

What causes left ventricular mural thrombus?

In survivors of infarction, the incidence with which mural thrombus occurs is influenced by the location and magnitude of infarction, so that it occurs commonly in those with large anterior Q-wave infarctions, particularly in the presence of a left ventricular aneurysm.

What is a apical aneurysm?

Apical aneurysms are outpouchings at the apex of the left ventricle, described as discrete, thin-walled dyskinetic or akinetic segments of the most distal portion of the ventricular chamber (Figure).

Where do thrombi form in the heart?

Arterial thrombosis can occur in the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle (coronary arteries). This can lead to a heart attack.

What does mural mean in medical terms?

[mu´ral] pertaining to or occurring in a wall of an organ or cavity.

Is thrombosis life threatening?

Even though DVT itself is not life-threatening, the blood clot has the potential to break free and travel through the bloodstream, where it can become lodged in the blood vessels of the lung (known as a pulmonary embolism). This can be a life- threatening condition.

How do you treat a mural thrombus?

J Vasc Surg.

What causes an apical aneurysm?

An LVA is most commonly the result of MI, usually involving the anterior wall. Other causes of LVA include hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and Chagas disease, both of which can lead to the formation of an apical aneurysm.

Can you live with a left ventricular aneurysm?

In the prospective CASS study, the cumulative 4-year survival rate in patients with angiographic LV aneurysms is 71%. The mortality was dependent on the extent of coronary disease and the degree of LV dysfunction.

How do thrombi form?

Key points. Thrombosis occurs when blood clots block veins or arteries. Symptoms include pain and swelling in one leg, chest pain, or numbness on one side of the body. Complications of thrombosis can be life-threatening, such as a stroke or heart attack.

What is an apical mural thrombus?

What is an apical mural thrombus? Left ventricular thrombus is a blood clot (thrombus) in the left ventricle of the heart. LVT is a common complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Typically the clot is a mural thrombus, meaning it is on the wall of the ventricle.

What is the difference between left ventricular thrombus and mural thrombi?

Mural thrombi can invade any cardiac chamber. Left ventricular thrombus is a frequent complication of acute myocardial infarction, mostly with the involvement of cardiac apex. This thrombus can separate from the ventricle and travel through arteries, blocking any blood vessels. [1] Go to: Etiology

What is the pathophysiology of left ventricular thrombus?

Left ventricular thrombus is a frequent complication of acute myocardial infarction, mostly with the involvement of the cardiac apex. This thrombus can separate from the ventricle and travel through arteries, blocking any blood vessels. [1] Etiology Virchow triad describes the pathogenesis of thrombus formation.

What is the apical thrombus in ischaemic cardiomyopathy?

A very large, immobile, apical thrombus is seen in a patient with an ischaemic cardiomyopathy. This thrombus is seen in both a parasternal long axis view (left) and an apical four chamber view (right). The diagnosis of left ventricular thrombus is usually based on an underlying wall motion abnormality,…